http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/116 Mon, 06 Apr 2026 08:52:39 GMT 2026-04-06T08:52:39Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/1385 European Housing Policy – growing affordable supply sustainably? Lawson, Julie; Schaefer, Jean-Pierre; Czerniak, Adam The European Commission is embracing the field of housing policy, bringing together two agendas: affordable housing supply and decarbonisation and energy efficiency. It is a steep learning curve and the EC is in listening mode. The new EC Commissioner for Energy and Housing and its Housing Task Force will soon develop a European Affordable Housing Plan, while the European Parliament via a Special Committee will prepare a report on the Housing Crisis and appropriate responses. The EIB is also playing an active role. So far, member states with established affordable housing systems have been relatively quiet. More effective and productive systems can be found in Austria, Denmark, France and Finland. They make use of mission focused providers, incorporating long term stable circuits of investment, promoting the growth and maintenance of social housing assets. Their success stems from the requirement to cover costs, build-up of equity and reduce reliance on costly finance and uncertain subsidies. Well regulated systems also prevent costly profiteering and extractive practices and promote long term security of tenure. A number of EU member states have not established such effective systems. To fill this institutional void, more contract-based approaches are being promoted. PPP contracting is also occurring in parallel with innovating systems, as in Ireland. This paper reviews evidence on growth and sustainability of affordable and social housing in several countries in Europe through contrastive research, validated through national expert interviews. It makes recommendations of relevance to the European Housing Plan, as well other national housing strategies. Tue, 01 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/1385 2025-07-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/991 Advertising premium offers in the pandemic era: the role of emotions in the consumer response Trzebiński, Wojciech; Baran, Radosław; Fira, Martyna; Marciniak, Beata Two surveys, conducted among Polish consumers in different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, investigated how the pandemic-related emotions of sadness (about the restrictions) and disgust (with other people) shape the consumer response to advertising premium offers of electronic goods. Consumer personality was considered as a factor of pandemic-related emotions. In both studies, pandemic-related sadness was positively related to premium offer purchase intent, extraversion, and neuroticism, and pandemic-related disgust was positively related to neuroticism. Those findings were replicated in January 2021, and then, pandemic-related disgust was also positively related to purchase intent, and negatively related to extraversion. The results were interpreted based on consumer behavior theory and the pandemic context. Fri, 25 Jun 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/991 2021-06-25T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/819 Elimination of sandbagging behaviour in Budgeting Process for Short Term and Long Term Goal Setting Kluza, Krzysztof In this research we design a motivation system mechanism which prevents the occurrence of sandbagging in the goal-setting process. Goal setting is one of the most vital management processes in the company. However, it is vulnerable to several inefficiencies and malpractices, which hinder the company’s development. One of the common phenomena is the hiding of information by employees regarding the real possibilities of business development in order to negotiate the lowest possible goals for their incentive systems (sandbagging). The proposed solution is based on the introduction of the ex ante determined ambitiousness parameter to the bonus system, combined with the parameters for the evaluation of plan execution and the bonus grades for variable compensation. The model stimulates truth-telling behaviour for managers in the goal-setting process and eliminates sandbagging. The concept has self-learning ability – based on past performance, managers will adjust their behaviour to maximize their risk-weighted rewards. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/819 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/669 The role of social capital and trust in contracting Bentkowska, Katarzyna The aim of the study is to analyse how the social capital in Poland affects contracting. It’s role is significant as the contracts concluded on the market are incomplete, i.e. they do not regulate all the issues explicitly. The effects of contractual incompleteness can be mitigated by the high level of trust and well-developed social capital. However, the research results show that the level of trust in Poland has been low for years and that social capital remains underdeveloped. It prevents the social capital to fulfil its role as a factor supporting the conclusion of contracts properly. This results in a real loss for enterprises, as part of the transactions is not conducted. Mon, 01 Jan 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12182/669 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z